Prepositions of Direction

Expressing WHERE something is going

Sections
Introduction

1. Definition & Core Meaning

Prepositions of Direction describe movement from one place to another. They answer the question "Where is it going?"

What is it?
Expressing WHERE something is going (movement)

2. Use Cases

WordMeaningExample
toTowards a destination"I am going to the market."
intoEntering a closed/enclosed space"He walked into the room."
ontoMoving to and landing on a surface"The cat jumped onto the table."
out ofExiting an enclosed space"She ran out of the building."
offAway from a surface"The book fell off the shelf."
acrossMoving from one side to the other of a flat surface or water"Walk across the bridge."
throughMoving inside something from one end to the other"Drive through the tunnel."
towardsIn the direction of (may not reach)"He moved towards the door."
away fromMoving in the opposite direction"She turned away from the crowd."
upMoving to a higher position"Climb up the stairs."
downMoving to a lower position"Roll down the hill."
alongFollowing the length of something"Walk along the river bank."
aroundMoving in a circle or arc"Drive around the roundabout."
pastMoving beyond a point or place without stopping"She walked past the shop."

3. When to Use It (Time Expressions/Signals)

[!NOTE]
Direction prepositions are almost always used with movement verbs like walk, run, drive, go, come, fly, jump.

4. How to Use It (Rules)

  • to is used without "the" for cities/countries: go to school, go to London
  • into replaces "in" when movement is involved: walk into the room
  • onto replaces "on" when movement is involved: jump onto the table
  • through implies passing completely from one side to another
  • across suggests horizontal movement over a surface (road, river, field)